When we prune a branch or leader (a stem that is vertically growing and vigorous) we remove part of that branch. Often at their peril as the tree struggles to fruit, becomes unruly or gets damaged by crossing weak branches.

I believe this is why gardeners become so fearful of pruning, opting to ignore it and hope for the best. However, most guides and books tend to skip over this step. Understanding how fruit trees respond to pruning is an essential part of successful pruning. Then all other pruning is just light touch maintenance pruning to keep them in that shape. Once formative pruning is complete, say in around 5 years. This means less damage, disease or garden drama when it comes to growing an apple (or other fruit) tree, in the garden. The job of the gardener is to help select and shape that growth so we get the maximum potential out of the tree and ensure it grows to a pleasing shape. If we plant an apple tree and leave it alone, the chances are it will put on a flurry of new growth which eventually gets tangled or damages itself. We want apple trees that are well-balanced, and evenly spaced with an open habit that allows airflow and space for fruit. We formatively prune apple trees in the winter to help shape their ultimate growth.

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